Compare Norfolk Island (2004) - British Indian Ocean Territory (2008)

Compare Norfolk Island (2004) z British Indian Ocean Territory (2008)

	Norfolk Island (2004)	British Indian Ocean Territory (2008)

Administrative divisions	none (territory of Australia)	-
Age structure	0-14 years: 20.2% 15-64 years: 63.9% 65 years and over: 15.9% (2004 est.)	-
Agriculture - products	Norfolk Island pine seed, Kentia palm seed, cereals, vegetables, fruit; cattle, poultry	-
Airports	1 (2003 est.)	1 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.)	total: 1 over 3,047 m: 1 (2007)
Area	total: 34.6 sq km land: 34.6 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 54,400 sq km land: 60 sq km; Diego Garcia 44 sq km water: 54,340 sq km note: includes the entire Chagos Archipelago of 55 islands
Area - comparative	about 0.2 times the size of Washington, DC	land area is about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC
Background	Two British attempts at establishing the island as a penal colony (1788-1814 and 1825-55) were ultimately abandoned. In 1856, the island was resettled by Pitcairn Islanders, descendants of the Bounty mutineers and their Tahitian companions.	Established as a territory of the UK in 1965, a number of the British Indian Ocean Territory (BIOT) islands were transferred to the Seychelles when it attained independence in 1976. Subsequently, BIOT has consisted only of the six main island groups comprising the Chagos Archipelago. The largest and most southerly of the islands, Diego Garcia, contains a joint UK-US naval support facility. All of the remaining islands are uninhabited. Former agricultural workers, earlier residents in the islands, were relocated primarily to Mauritius but also to the Seychelles, between 1967 and 1973. In 2000, a British High Court ruling invalidated the local immigration order that had excluded them from the archipelago, but upheld the special military status of Diego Garcia.
Birth rate	NA births/1,000 population (2004 est.)	-
Budget	revenues: $4.6 million expenditures: $4.8 million, including capital expenditures of NA (FY92/93)	-
Capital	Kingston	-
Climate	subtropical; mild, little seasonal temperature variation	tropical marine; hot, humid, moderated by trade winds
Coastline	32 km	698 km
Constitution	Norfolk Island Act of 1979	-
Country name	conventional long form: Territory of Norfolk Island conventional short form: Norfolk Island	conventional long form: British Indian Ocean Territory conventional short form: none abbreviation: BIOT
Currency	Australian dollar (AUD)	-
Death rate	NA deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)	-
Debt - external	NA	-
Dependency status	territory of Australia; Canberra administers Commonwealth responsibilities on Norfolk Island through the Department of Environment, Sport, and Territories	overseas territory of the UK; administered by a commissioner, resident in the Foreign and Commonwealth Office in London
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (territory of Australia)	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (territory of Australia)	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Disputes - international	none	Mauritius and Seychelles claim the Chagos Archipelago including Diego Garcia; in 2001, the former inhabitants of the Chagos Archipelago, evicted in 1967 and 1973 and now residing chiefly in Mauritius, were granted UK citizenship and the right to repatriation; in May 2006, the High Court of London reversed U.K. Government's 2004 orders of council that banned habitation on the islands; a small group of Chagossians visited Diego Garcia in April 2006; repatriation is complicated by the exclusive US military lease of Diego Garcia that restricts access to the largest viable island in the chain
Economic aid - recipient	NA	-
Economy - overview	Tourism, the primary economic activity, has steadily increased over the years and has brought a level of prosperity unusual among inhabitants of the Pacific islands. The agricultural sector has become self-sufficient in the production of beef, poultry, and eggs.	All economic activity is concentrated on the largest island of Diego Garcia, where a joint UK-US military facility is located. Construction projects and various services needed to support the military installation are performed by military and contract employees from the UK, Mauritius, the Philippines, and the US. There are no industrial or agricultural activities on the islands. When the native Ilois return, they plan to reestablish sugarcane production and fishing. The territory makes money by selling fishing licenses and postage stamps.
Electricity - consumption	NA kWh	NA kWh
Electricity - production	NA kWh	NA kWh; note - electricity supplied by the US military
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Bates 319 m	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location on Diego Garcia 15 m
Environment - current issues	NA	NA
Ethnic groups	descendants of the Bounty mutineers, Australian, New Zealander, Polynesians	-
Exchange rates	Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.5419 (2003), 1.8406 (2002), 1.9320 (2001), 1.7173 (2000), 1.5497 (1999)	-
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); the UK and Australia are represented by Administrator Grant TAMBLING (since 1 November 2003) head of government: Assembly President and Chief Minister Geoffrey Robert GARDNER (since 5 December 2001) cabinet: Executive Council is made up of four of the nine members of the Legislative Assembly; the council devises government policy and acts as an advisor to the administrator elections: the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia; chief minister elected by the Legislative Assembly for a term of not more than three years; election last held 29 November 2001 (next to be held by December 2004) election results: Geoffrey Robert GARDNER elected chief minister; percent of Legislative Assembly vote - NA	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952) head of government: Commissioner Leigh TURNER (since July 2006); Administrator Tony HUMPHRIES (since February 2005); note - both reside in the UK and are represented by the officer commanding British Forces on Diego Garcia cabinet: NA elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; commissioner and administrator appointed by the monarch
Exports	$1.5 million f.o.b. (FY91/92)	-
Exports - commodities	postage stamps, seeds of the Norfolk Island pine and Kentia palm, small quantities of avocados	-
Exports - partners	Australia, other Pacific island countries, NZ, Asia, Europe	-
Fiscal year	1 July - 30 June	-
Flag description	three vertical bands of green (hoist side), white, and green with a large green Norfolk Island pine tree centered in the slightly wider white band	white with six blue wavy horizontal stripes; the flag of the UK is in the upper hoist-side quadrant; the striped section bears a palm tree and yellow crown centered on the outer half of the flag
GDP	purchasing power parity - NA	-
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA industry: NA services: NA	-
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - NA	-
GDP - real growth rate	NA	-
Geographic coordinates	29 02 S, 167 57 E	6 00 S, 71 30 E; note - Diego Garcia 7 20 S, 72 25 E
Geography - note	most of the 32-km coastline consists of almost inaccessible cliffs, but the land slopes down to the sea in one small southern area on Sydney Bay, where the capital of Kingston is situated	archipelago of 55 islands; Diego Garcia, largest and southernmost island, occupies strategic location in central Indian Ocean; island is site of joint US-UK military facility
Highways	total: 80 km paved: 53 km unpaved: 27 km (2001)	-
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA	-
Imports	$17.9 million c.i.f. (FY91/92)	-
Imports - commodities	NA	-
Imports - partners	Australia, other Pacific island countries, NZ, Asia, Europe	-
Independence	none (territory of Australia)	-
Industrial production growth rate	NA	-
Industries	tourism	-
Infant mortality rate	total: NA male: NA female: NA	-
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	NA	-
International organization participation	UPU	-
Irrigated land	NA sq km	0 sq km
Judicial branch	Supreme Court; Court of Petty Sessions	-
Labor force	NA	-
Labor force - by occupation	tourism NA, subsistence agriculture NA	-
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2001)	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2005)
Languages	English (official), Norfolk a mixture of 18th century English and ancient Tahitian	-
Legal system	based on the laws of Australia, local ordinances and acts; English common law applies in matters not covered by either Australian or Norfolk Island law	the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply
Legislative branch	unicameral Legislative Assembly (9 seats; members elected by electors who have nine equal votes each but only four votes can be given to any one candidate; members serve three-year terms) elections: last held 29 November 2001 (next to be held by December 2004) election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - independents 9	-
Life expectancy at birth	total population: NA years male: NA years female: NA years	-
Literacy	NA	-
Location	Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Australia	archipelago in the Indian Ocean, south of India, about one-half the way from Africa to Indonesia
Map references	Oceania	Political Map of the World
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm	territorial sea: 3 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	none	-
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of Australia	defense is the responsibility of the UK; the US lease on Diego Garcia expires in 2016
National holiday	Bounty Day (commemorates the arrival of Pitcairn Islanders), 8 June (1856)	-
Nationality	noun: Norfolk Islander(s) adjective: Norfolk Islander(s)	-
Natural hazards	typhoons (especially May to July)	NA
Natural resources	fish	coconuts, fish, sugarcane
Net migration rate	NA migrant(s)/1,000 population	-
Political parties and leaders	none	-
Political pressure groups and leaders	none	-
Population	1,841 (July 2004 est.)	no indigenous inhabitants note: approximately 1,200 former agricultural workers resident in the Chagos Archipelago, often referred to as Chagossians or Ilois, were relocated to Mauritius and the Seychelles in the 1960s and 1970s; in November 2000 they were granted the right of return by a British High Court ruling, though no timetable has been set; in November 2004, there were approximately 4,000 UK and US military personnel and civilian contractors living on the island of Diego Garcia
Population below poverty line	NA	-
Population growth rate	-0.01% (2004 est.)	-
Ports and harbors	none; loading jetties at Kingston and Cascade	-
Radio broadcast stations	AM 0, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998)
Religions	Anglican 37.4%, Uniting Church in Australia 14.5%, Roman Catholic 11.5%, Seventh-Day Adventist 3.1%, none 12.2%, unknown 17.4%, other 3.9% (1996)	-
Sex ratio	NA	-
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	-
Telephone system	general assessment: adequate domestic: NA international: country code - 672; undersea coaxial cable links with Australia, New Zealand, and Canada; satellite service planned for near future	general assessment: separate facilities for military and public needs are available domestic: all commercial telephone services are available, including connection to the Internet international: country code (Diego Garcia) - 246; international telephone service is carried by satellite (2000)
Telephones - main lines in use	2,532; note: a mix of analog (2500) and digital (32) circuits (2004)	NA
Telephones - mobile cellular	0 (proposed cellular service disallowed in August 2002 island referendum) (2002)	-
Television broadcast stations	1 (local programming station plus two repeaters that bring in Australian programs by satellite) (1998)	1 (1997)
Terrain	volcanic formation with mostly rolling plains	flat and low (most areas do not exceed two meters in elevation)
Total fertility rate	NA children born/woman (2004 est.)	-
Unemployment rate	NA	-

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